- Alcohols contain an OH group.
- This usually makes them polar creating strong intramolecular hydrogen bonds so they have much higher melting and boiling points.
- A Primary Alcohol has the OH group at the end of the molecule.
- A Secondary Alcohol has the OH chain as a branch. The carbons either side are often referred to as R for Rest.
- A Tertiary Alcohol is a secondary alcohol which has another group attached to the same carbon as the OH.
Unit 20
- An Aldehyde has a double bonded Oxygen at the end of the Carbon chain
- Ketones have a double bonded Oxygen side group at a position other than the end of the carbon chain.
- Ketones have -one at the end of them, eg Butanone
- Ethers have an Oxygen in the middle of the carbon chain, eg Methyethylether
- An Amine has an NH2 side group. Eg. Amino Ethane.